MongoDB Aggregation Framework Stages and Pipelining

MongoDB supports rich queries through it’s powerful aggregation framework, and allows developers to manipulate data in a similar way to SQL. Effectively, it allows developers to perform advanced data analysis on MongoDB data. This whitepaper provides a foundation of essential aggregation concepts - how multiple documents can be efficiently queried, grouped, sorted and results presented in appropriate ways for reports and dashboards.

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Introducton

MongoDB supports rich queries through it’s powerful aggregation framework, and allows developers to manipulate data in a similar way to SQL. Effectively, it allows developers to perform advanced data analysis on MongoDB data. This whitepaper provides a foundation of essential aggregation concepts - how multiple documents can be efficiently queried, grouped, sorted and results presented in appropriate ways for reports and dashboards.

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Table of contents

  • Introduction
  • What is the Aggregation Framework?
  • Aggregation Pipeline
    • Basic Stages of Aggregation Pipeline
      • $match
      • $group
      • $unwind
      • $project
        • Points to note
      • $sort
      • $sample
      • $limit
      • $lookup
  • Aggregation Process
  • Accumulator Operators
    • $sum
    • $avg
    • $max and $min
    • $push
  • Similarity of the Aggregation Process in MongoDB with SQL
  • Aggregation Pipeline Optimization
    • Projection Optimization
    • Pipeline Sequence Optimization
  • MapReduce in MongoDB
    • MapReduce JavaScript Functions
    • Incremental MapReduce
  • Comparison Between MapReduce and Aggregation Pipeline in MongoDB
  • Summary
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